家电板

一、定义与材料构成

Color-Coated Steel Plate, also known as Color-Coated Steel Sheet, is a composite material made from cold-rolled steel, galvanized steel, or aluminum sheets coated with multiple layers of organic paints (such as epoxy resin, polyurethane, and fluorocarbon resins) and cured at high temperatures. Its core features includeIntegrated corrosion resistance, decoration, and functionalityWidely used in construction, home appliances, automotive, and industrial packaging.

II. Core Manufacturing Processes

1. 基板预处理

• Clean：采用碱性脱脂（pH 12~14）去除表面油污及氧化层。

• 钝化: Phosphoric acid or chromate treatment (Cr⁶⁺ content ≤ 0.01%) to improve coating adhesion.

• Coating application process

  • 底漆: Epoxy resin (high corrosion resistance, adhesion ≥5 MPa).

  • Intermediate Coat：聚氨酯（填充微孔，提升耐候性）。

  • Topcoat: Fluorocarbon resin (UV-resistant, temperature range -40 to 200°C).

  • Roll coatingCoating viscosity: 20~50 μm; application uniformity: ±10%.

  • 喷涂Atomization pressure: 0.3~{1.6} MPa; film thickness control accuracy: 10~30 μm.

  • 涂布方式：

  • Coating Systems：

• Bake and cure

  • Temperature gradient：180~250℃分段烘烤，固化时间3~15分钟，确保涂层交联密度≥90%。

• 后处理

  • Film Thickness Inspection：椭偏仪法（精度±1μm）。

  • Pencil Hardness：≥2H（GB/T 9278）。

  • CoolCool slowly below 50°C to prevent coating cracking.

  • Quality Inspection：

III. Performance Metrics

1. 耐腐蚀性

• Soak in 10% H₂SO₄ solution for 24 hours; mass loss < 0.5%.

• Soak in 5% NaOH solution for 24 hours; mass loss < 0.3%.

• Salt Spray Test(ASTM B117): No red rust for >1000 hours (Class 10).

• 耐酸碱(GB/T 1771):

• 机械性能

  • Tensile Strength: ≥340MPa (substrate is cold-rolled steel SPCC).

  • 弯曲刚度: EI = E×I (E=200 GPa, I is the moment of inertia).

  • Impact Toughness：夏比V型缺口冲击值≥45J（-20℃环境）。

• 装饰性指标

  • Color Difference Control：ΔE≤1.5（CIE Lab标准，GB/T 12967-2008）。

  • Gloss：高光面≥85GU，哑光面≤20GU。

  • 表面纹理: Offers customizable finishes, including matte, embossed, and metallic effects.

• Durability

  • QUV Aging（GB/T 18950）：＞2000小时，Δb*≤3%。

  • Temperature ResistanceNo color change or peeling after prolonged exposure to high temperatures of 150°C (fluorocarbon coating).

4. Typical Application Areas

1. Construction Industry

• Exterior Insulation Board：结合岩棉/聚氨酯，导热系数≤0.045W/(m·K)，节能达标（GB/T 50185）。

• 屋面瓦楞板: Thickness 0.4~1.2mm, wind pressure resistance ≥ 4kPa/m² (GB/T 25975).

• Home Appliance Manufacturing

  • Refrigerator / Washing Machine Panel：0.3~0.6mm彩涂板，耐指纹（接触角＞90°），符合RoHS环保标准。

• Automotive Industry

  • Body panels：三涂层体系（底漆+色漆+清漆），耐石击性≥1500次（ASTM D3123）。

• 工业包装

  • 集装箱侧板: Double-sided color-coated steel (corrosion-resistant on both sides), service life ≥ 10 years.

5. Selection and Quality Control

1. 基板选择

• For Construction：优先选用热镀锌钢基板（镀锌层≥80g/m²，ASTM A123）。

• Home Appliances: Cold-rolled steel SPCC (thickness ≥ 0.35mm).

• Paint Type

  • Outdoor Weather-Resistant: Fluorocarbon resin (PVDF content ≥ 30%).

  • Interior Decor: Polyurethane coatings (low cost, easy to clean).

• 认证标准

  • GB/T 12754（彩涂板分类及技术要求）。

  • GB/T 12755（彩涂板尺寸公差）。

  • 美国：ASTM D2378（涂料附着力）。

  • EU: EN 10157 (weather resistance).

彩涂板凭借其优异的综合性能，已成为现代工业与建筑领域的核心材料。通过技术创新与绿色转型，其应用边界将持续拓展至新能源、航空航天等高端领域。